On 28 December 1879 the Tay Rail Bridge collapsed. A North British Railway (NBR) passenger train on the Edinburgh to Aberdeen Line was travelling from Burntisland to Dundee at the time killing all aboard.

The bridge, designed by Sir Thomas Bouch, used lattice girders supported by iron piers, with cast iron columns and wrought iron cross-bracing. The piers were narrower and their cross-bracing was less extensive and robust than on previous similar designs by Bouch.

The disaster took place during a great storm. The locomotive, NBR no. 224, a 4-4-0 designed by Thomas Wheatley and built at Cowlairs Works in 1871, was salvaged and repaired, remaining in service until 1919, nicknamed “The Diver”. The stumps of the original bridge piers are still visible above the surface of the Tay. Memorials have been placed at either end of the bridge in Dundee and Wormit.

The number of dead known was 59 but may have been as high as 75.

contemporary illustration of the Collapse of the Tay Bridge with stormy water and remains just visible of the engine a big gap in the bridge and people out in rescue boats being tossed on the waves
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Catastrophe_du_pont_sur_le_Tay_-_1879_-_Illustration.jpg#file

2 responses to “Tay Bridge Disaster #OnThisDay”

  1. I didn’t know the locomotive had been salvaged and reused, yikes.

    Patrick Matthew, 1790-1894, Scottish and mostly unknown and unheard of (?) commercial fruit grower and hybridiser, forrester and all round general knowledge guy, who lived at Gordiehill, in Perthshire, warned the then PM, Gladstone, that the proposed site of the bridge was not safe and nor was the type of iron to be used.
    He wrote to the local papers as well, his warnings were ridiculed.

    It’s all written down in a book I have called, ‘Patrick Matthew and Natural Selection’, by W.J Dempster, published 1983.
    There are various websites which have info on Matthew, who coined the term, ‘the natural process of selection’ which by all accounts Darwin took as his own idea at the time, re origin of species. That’s another sorry tale of a Scottish scientist (he grew apples hybrids in his orchard) being sidelined ignored and in this case, plagarised.

    The ‘North British Railway’, were at that time determined to ‘dominate it’s rival, the Caledonian Railway, for control of Eastern Scotland’. It was the NBR who insisted on the site for the Tay bridge. :-/

    Such a terrible tradegy, Patrick Matthew’s warnings about the Tay bridge were not taken seriously 🙁

  2. elisabeth.sidler@mail.ch Avatar
    elisabeth.sidler@mail.ch

    One of the classic German poets of the 19th century, Theodor Fontane, wrote a ballad about the Tay bridge disaster which made it into the poetry collection for schools.
    Of course you may be awarenof that, but just in case I have translated it here.
    He chose Macbeth’s three witches for the first and last stanza.

    German original:

    Die Brücke am Tay

    „Wann treffen wir drei wieder zusamm‘?“
    „Um die siebente Stund‘, am Brückendamm.“
    „Am Mittelpfeiler.“
    „Ich lösch die Flamm‘.“
    „Ich mit.“
    „Ich komme vom Norden her.“
    „Und ich vom Süden.“
    „Und ich vom Meer.“

    „Hei, das gibt ein Ringelreihn,
    und die Brücke muß in den Grund hinein.“
    „Und der Zug, der in die Brücke tritt
    um die siebente Stund‘?“
    „Ei, der muß mit.“
    „Muß mit.“
    „Tand, Tand
    ist das Gebild von Menschenhand.“

    Auf der Norderseite, das Brückenhaus –
    alle Fenster sehen nach Süden aus,
    und die Brücknersleut‘, ohne Rast und Ruh
    und in Bangen sehen nach Süden zu,
    sehen und warten, ob nicht ein Licht
    übers Wasser hin „ich komme“ spricht,
    „ich komme, trotz Nacht und Sturmesflug,
    ich, der Edinburger Zug.“

    Und der Brückner jetzt: „Ich seh einen Schein
    am andern Ufer. Das muß er sein.
    Nun, Mutter, weg mit dem bangen Traum,
    unser Johnie kommt und will seinen Baum,
    und was noch am Baume von Lichtern ist,
    zünd alles an wie zum heiligen Christ,
    der will heuer zweimal mit uns sein, –
    und in elf Minuten ist er herein.“

    Und es war der Zug. Am Süderturm
    keucht er vorbei jetzt gegen den Sturm,
    und Johnie spricht: „Die Brücke noch!
    Aber was tut es, wir zwingen es doch.
    Ein fester Kessel, ein doppelter Dampf,
    die bleiben Sieger in solchem Kampf,
    und wie’s auch rast und ringt und rennt,
    wir kriegen es unter: das Element.

    Und unser Stolz ist unsre Brück‘;
    ich lache, denk ich an früher zurück,
    an all den Jammer und all die Not
    mit dem elend alten Schifferboot;
    wie manche liebe Christfestnacht
    hab ich im Fährhaus zugebracht
    und sah unsrer Fenster lichten Schein
    und zählte und konnte nicht drüben sein.“

    Auf der Norderseite, das Brückenhaus –
    alle Fenster sehen nach Süden aus,
    und die Brücknersleut‘ ohne Rast und Ruh
    und in Bangen sehen nach Süden zu;
    denn wütender wurde der Winde Spiel,
    und jetzt, als ob Feuer vom Himmel fiel,
    erglüht es in niederschießender Pracht
    überm Wasser unten… Und wieder ist Nacht.

    „Wann treffen wir drei wieder zusamm‘?“
    „Um Mitternacht, am Bergeskamm.“
    „Auf dem hohen Moor, am Erlenstamm.“
    „Ich komme.“
    „Ich mit.“
    „Ich nenn euch die Zahl.“
    „Und ich die Namen.“
    „Und ich die Qual.“
    „Hei!
    Wie Splitter brach das Gebälk entzwei.“
    „Tand, Tand
    ist das Gebilde von Menschenhand“

    My translation (I didn’t even try to make it poemlike…)

    The Bridge on the Tay

    “When shall we three meet again?”
    “At the seventh hour, at the bridges’ dam.”
    “At the middle pillar.”
    “I’ll douse the flame.”
    “I’ll help.”
    “I’ll come from the North.”
    “And I from the South.”
    “And I from the sea.”

    “Heya! That’ll be a ring a ring o’ roses,
    and the bridge must into the ground.”
    “And the train that enters the bridge
    at the seventh hour?”
    “Well, it’ll have to go too.”
    “Go too.”
    “Knick-knacks, that’s what they are,
    the things made by the hands of men!”

    On the northern side, the bridge warden’s house –
    all it’s windows are looking south,
    and the wardens, without rest nor peace
    and in worry look out to the south,
    look out and wait for a light to speak
    over the water: “I am coming,
    in spite of night and raging storm,
    I, the train from Edinburgh.”

    And the warden now: “I see a light
    on the other bank. That must be it.
    Now, Mother, away with the fearful dream –
    our Johnny is coming and wants his tree,
    and what is still on the tree of the lights,
    light them all just like for the Holy Christ;
    This year, he wants to be with us twice,
    and in eleven minutes he will have arrived.”

    And it was the train.
    At the southern tower he passes,
    puffing now against the gale,
    And Johnny says:” Now just the bridge!
    But no matter, we’ll push it through.
    A sturdy boiler and double the steam,
    they stay the victors in such a fight,
    and as much as it may race with breakneck speed,
    we’ll have victory over the Element.

    And our pride it is, our bridge –
    I laugh thinking back to older times,
    to all the sorrow and all the hardship
    with the miserable old ferry boat!
    How many dear Christmas Eve
    did I have to stay in the ferryman’s house
    and saw our windows’ shining light,
    and counted, and couldn’t be over there!”

    On the northern side the bridge warden’s house –
    all it’s windows are facing south,
    and the wardens, without rest nor peace
    and in worry look out to the south,
    because angrier grew the game of the winds,
    and now – as if fire fell from the sky –
    it glows in downwards shooting glory
    above the waters… And night falls again.

    “When shall we three meet again?”
    “At midnight, on the mountain crest.”
    “On the high moors, at the trunk of the alder tree.”
    “I’ll be there.”
    “Me too.”
    “I’ll tell you the number.”
    “And I’ll tell you the pain.”
    “Heya! Like splinters did the timberwork split!”
    “All but knick-knacks, that’s what they are,
    the things made by the hands of men!”

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